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Shutter speed charts, ISO guides, focal length comparison, and photography reference tools.
Reference chart of shutter speeds and their ideal use cases from 1/8000 to 30s.
ISO value to noise level estimate with usage recommendations.
Compare lens focal lengths side by side with field of view angles.
Sensor size and focal length to full-frame equivalent. APS-C, M43, 1-inch.
Convert megapixels to maximum print size at 300 DPI.
Width times height to megapixels, and megapixels to pixel dimensions.
Common photo ratios 3:2, 4:3, 16:9, 1:1, 5:4 with pixel dimensions.
Base exposure plus stops and bracket count to exposure values list.
Focal length and sensor to max exposure for sharp stars using 500 and NPF rules.
Duration, interval, and clip FPS to total photos and video length.
Estimate photo file size from resolution, bit depth, and format.
Calculate how many photos fit on a memory card by file size and card capacity.
Estimate camera battery life from shots per charge and shooting rate.
Find the correct filter thread size for common camera lenses.
Find the correct lens hood model for common camera lenses.
Estimate camera bag size needed based on gear inventory.
Check if a tripod can support your camera and lens combination weight.
Calculate flash guide number from distance and aperture.
Calculate maximum flash distance from guide number and aperture.
Determine maximum shutter speed for flash sync on your camera.
Calculate adjusted shutter speed when using ND filters.
Understand polarizer filter effects at different angles to the sun.
Calculate magnification ratio from sensor size and subject size.
Calculate magnification gain from extension tube length and focal length.
Calculate exposure compensation needed for bellows extension in macro.
Calculate adjusted exposure time for film reciprocity failure at long exposures.
Reference chart for Ansel Adams zone system exposure values.
Calculate zone system exposure adjustments from metered to placed zone.
Reference chart of color temperatures for common light sources.
Guide to white balance presets and kelvin values for different lighting.
Reference for photography styles: portrait, landscape, street, macro, and more.
Reference for camera modes: auto, program, aperture, shutter, and manual modes.
Reference for metering modes: evaluative, center-weighted, spot, and partial.
Reference for focus modes: single, continuous, manual, and eye-detect autofocus.
Reference for drive modes: single shot, continuous low/high, timer, and bracketing.
Reference for image stabilization: lens-based, sensor-shift, and electronic IS.
Reference for RAW vs JPEG: dynamic range, file size, and editing flexibility.
Reference for photo file formats: RAW, JPEG, TIFF, HEIF, and DNG comparison.
Reference for color spaces: sRGB, Adobe RGB, ProPhoto RGB, and DCI-P3.
Reference for dynamic range: stops, HDR techniques, and exposure blending.
Reference for bit depth: 8-bit, 14-bit, 16-bit, and color gradation differences.
Reference for sensor sizes: full frame, APS-C, Micro Four Thirds, and crop factor.
Reference for lens types: prime, zoom, wide, telephoto, and specialty lenses.
Reference for prime vs zoom lenses: sharpness, aperture, weight, and use cases.
Reference for wide angle lenses: focal lengths, distortion, and landscape use.
Reference for telephoto lenses: focal ranges, compression, and wildlife use.
Reference for macro lenses: magnification ratios, working distance, and focus stacking.
Reference for fisheye lenses: circular, full-frame, and de-fishing techniques.
Reference for tilt-shift lenses: perspective correction, miniature effect, and Scheimpflug.
Reference for lens mounts: Canon RF, Nikon Z, Sony E, and adapter compatibility.
Reference for flash types: speedlight, studio strobe, ring flash, and bare bulb.
Reference for reflector types: silver, gold, white, black, and translucent panels.
Reference for softboxes: square, rectangular, octagonal, and strip softbox shapes.
Reference for light umbrellas: shoot-through, reflective, and parabolic umbrellas.
Reference for beauty dishes: silver, white, sizes, and portrait lighting setups.
Reference for ring lights: LED, fluorescent, sizes, and catchlight effects.
Reference for LED panels: bi-color, RGB, CRI ratings, and output specs.
Reference for light modifiers: grids, snoots, barn doors, and gels.
Reference for backdrop types: seamless paper, muslin, vinyl, and collapsible.
Reference for tripod types: aluminum, carbon fiber, travel, and studio tripods.
Reference for gimbal types: 3-axis, 2-axis, handheld, and wearable stabilizers.
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